cd05276, p53_inducible_oxidoreductase, PIG3 p53-inducible quinone oxidoreductase. PIG3 p53-inducible quinone oxidoreductase, a medium chain dehydrogenase/reductase family member, acts in the apoptotic pathway. PIG3 reduces ortho-quinones, but its apoptotic activity has been attributed to oxidative stress generation, since overexpression of PIG3 accumulates reactive oxygen species. PIG3 resembles the MDR family member quinone reductases, which catalyze the reduction of quinone to hydroxyquinone. NAD(P)(H)-dependent oxidoreductases are the major enzymes in the interconversion of alcohols and aldehydes or ketones. Alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts ethanol and NAD+ to acetaldehyde and NADH, while in yeast and some other microorganisms ADH catalyzes the conversion acetaldehyde to ethanol in alcoholic fermentation. ADH is a member of the medium chain alcohol dehydrogenase family (MDR), which has a NAD(P)(H)-binding domain in a Rossmann fold of a beta-alpha form. The NAD(H)-binding region is comprised of 2 structurally similar halves, each of which contacts a mononucleotide. A GxGxxG motif after the first mononucleotide contact half allows the close contact of the coenzyme with the ADH backbone. The N-terminal catalytic domain has a distant homology to GroES. These proteins typically form dimers (typically higher plants, mammals) or tetramers (yeast, bacteria), and have 2 tightly bound zinc atoms per subunit, a catalytic zinc at the active site, and a structural zinc in a lobe of the catalytic domain. NAD(H) binding occurs in the cleft between the catalytic and coenzyme-binding domains at the active site, and coenzyme binding induces a conformational closing of this cleft. Coenzyme binding typically precedes and contributes to substrate binding. In human ADH catalysis, the zinc ion helps coordinate the alcohol, followed by deprotonation of a histidine, the ribose of NAD, a serine, then the alcohol, which allows the transfer of a hydride to NAD+, creating NADH and a zinc-bound aldehyde or ketone. In yeast and some bacteria, the active site zinc binds an aldehyde, polarizing it, and leading to the reverse reaction.
pfam07100, ASRT, Anabaena sensory rhodopsin transducer. The family of bacterial Anabaena sensory rhodopsin transducers are likely to bind sugars or related metabolites. The entire protein is comprised of a single globular domain with an eight-stranded beta-sandwich fold. There are a few characteristics which define this beta-sandwich fold as being distinct from other so-named folds, and these are: 1) a well conserved tryptophan, usually following a polar residue, present at the start of the first strand; this tryptophan appears to be central to a hydrophobic interaction required to hold the two beta-sheets of the sandwich together, and 2) a nearly absolutely conserved asparagine located at the end of the second beta-strand, that hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyls of the residues 2 and 4 positions downstream from it, thereby stabilizing the characteristic tight turn between strands 2 and 3 of the structure.
cd03316, MR_like, Mandelate racemase (MR)-like subfamily of the enolase superfamily. Enzymes of this subgroup share three conserved carboxylate ligands for the essential divalent metal ion (usually Mg2+), two aspartates and a glutamate, and conserved catalytic residues, a Lys-X-Lys motif and a conserved histidine-aspartate dyad. Members of the MR subgroup are mandelate racemase, D-glucarate/L-idarate dehydratase (GlucD), D-altronate/D-mannonate dehydratase , D-galactonate dehydratase (GalD) , D-gluconate dehydratase (GlcD), and L-rhamnonate dehydratase (RhamD).
cd01086, MetAP1, Methionine Aminopeptidase 1. E.C. 3.4.11.18. Also known as methionyl aminopeptidase and Peptidase M. Catalyzes release of N-terminal amino acids, preferentially methionine, from peptides and arylamides.
cd00542, Ntn_PVA, Penicillin V acylase (PVA), also known as conjugated bile salt acid hydrolase (CBAH), catalyzes the hydrolysis of penicillin V to yield 6-amino penicillanic acid (6-APA), an important key intermediate of semisynthetic penicillins. PVA has an N-terminal nucleophilic cysteine, as do other members of the Ntn hydrolase family to which PVA belongs. This nucleophilic cysteine is exposed by post-translational prossessing of the PVA precursor. PVA forms a homotetramer.
cd17359, MFS_XylE_like, D-xylose-proton symporter and similar transporters of the Major Facilitator Superfamily. This subfamily includes bacterial transporters such as D-xylose-proton symporter (XylE or XylT), arabinose-proton symporter (AraE), galactose-proton symporter (GalP), major myo-inositol transporter IolT, glucose transport protein, putative metabolite transport proteins YfiG, YncC, and YwtG, and similar proteins. The symporters XylE, AraE, and GalP facilitate the uptake of D-xylose, arabinose, and galactose, respectively, across the boundary membrane with the concomitant transport of protons into the cell. IolT is involved in polyol metabolism and myo-inositol degradation into acetyl-CoA. The XylE-like subfamily belongs to the Glucose transporter -like (GLUT-like) family of the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins. MFS proteins are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
cd03392, PAP2_like_2, PAP2_like_2 proteins. PAP2 is a super-family of phosphatases and haloperoxidases. This subgroup, which is specific to bacteria, lacks functional characterization and may act as a membrane-associated lipid phosphatase.
cd12922, VKOR_5, Vitamin K epoxide reductase family in bacteria. This family includes vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) mostly present in actinobacteria. VKOR (also named VKORC1) is an integral membrane protein that catalyzes the reduction of vitamin K 2,3-epoxide and vitamin K to vitamin K hydroquinone, an essential co-factor subsequently used in the gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in blood coagulation enzymes. All homologs of VKOR contain an active site CXXC motif, which is switched between reduced and disulfide-bonded states during the reaction cycle. In some bacterial homologs, the VKOR domain is fused with domains of the thioredoxin family of oxidoreductases which may function as redox partners in initiating the reduction cascade.
TIGR03817, DECH_helic, helicase/secretion neighborhood putative DEAH-box helicase. A conserved gene neighborhood widely spread in the Actinobacteria contains this uncharacterized DEAH-box family helicase encoded convergently towards an operon of genes for protein homologous to type II secretion and pilus formation proteins. The context suggests that this helicase may play a role in conjugal transfer of DNA.
pfam11855, DUF3375, Protein of unknown function (DUF3375). This family of proteins are functionally uncharacterized. This protein is found in bacteria. Proteins in this family are typically between 479 to 499 amino acids in length.
pfam04264, YceI, YceI-like domain. E. coli YceI is a base-induced periplasmic protein. The recent structure of a member of this family shows that it binds to poly-isoprenoid. The structure consists of an extended, eight-stranded, antiparallel beta-barrel that resembles the lipocalin fold.
cd09003, GH43_XynD-like, Glycosyl hydrolase family 43 protein such as Bacillus subtilis arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (XynD;BsAXH-m23;BSU18160). This glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43) subgroup includes characterized Bacillus subtilis arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (AXH), Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Tok7B.1 beta-1,4-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) / alpha-L-arabinosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) XynA, Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Rt69B.1 xylanase C (EC 3.2.1.8) XynC, and Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus beta-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37)/ alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) XynF. It belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase clan F (according to carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY)) which includes family 43 (GH43) and 62 (GH62) families. It belongs to the GH43_AXH-like subgroup which includes enzymes that have been annotated as having beta-xylosidase, alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and arabinoxylan alpha-L-1,3-arabinofuranohydrolase, xylanase (endo-alpha-L-arabinanase) as well as AXH activities. GH43 are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. Many GH43 enzymes display both alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and beta-D-xylosidase activity using aryl-glycosides as substrates. AXHs specifically hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between arabinofuranosyl substituents and xylopyranosyl backbone residues of arabinoxylan. Bacillus subtilis AXH (BsAXH-m2,3) has been shown to cleave arabinose units from O-2- or O-3-mono-substituted xylose residues and superposition of its structure with known structures of the GH43 exo-acting enzymes, beta-xylosidase and alpha-L-arabinanase, each in complex with their substrate, reveals a different orientation of the sugar backbone. Several of these enzymes also contain carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) that bind cellulose or xylan. A common structural feature of GH43 enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.
TIGR00933, Trk_system_potassium_uptake_protein_trkH., potassium uptake protein, TrkH family. The proteins of the Trk family are derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeast and wheat. The proteins of E. coli K12 TrkH and TrkG as well as several yeast proteins have been functionally characterized.The E. coli TrkH and TrkG proteins are complexed to two peripheral membrane proteins, TrkA, an NAD-binding protein, and TrkE, an ATP-binding protein. This complex forms the potassium uptake system. [Transport and binding proteins, Cations and iron carrying compounds].
cd08983, GH43_Bt3655-like, Glycosyl hydrolase family 43 protein such as Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 arabinofuranosidase Bt3655. This glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43)-like family includes the characterized arabinofuranosidases (EC 3.2.1.55): Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 (Bt3655;BT_3655) and Penicillium chrysogenum 31B Abf43B, as well as Bifidobacterium adolescentis ATCC 15703 beta-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37) BAD_1527. It belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase clan F (according to carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY)) which includes family 43 (GH43) and 62 (GH62) families. GH43 includes enzymes with beta-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37), beta-1,3-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.-), alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55), arabinanase (EC 3.2.1.99), xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8), endo-alpha-L-arabinanases (beta-xylanases) and galactan 1,3-beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.145) activities. GH43 are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. Many GH43 enzymes display both alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and beta-D-xylosidase activity using aryl-glycosides as substrates. A common structural feature of GH43 enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.
pfam07944, Glyco_hydro_127, Beta-L-arabinofuranosidase, GH127. One member of this family, from Bidobacterium longicum, UniProtKB:E8MGH8, has been characterized as an unusual beta-L-arabinofuranosidase enzyme, EC:3.2.1.185. It rleases l-arabinose from the l-arabinofuranose (Araf)-beta1,2-Araf disaccharide and also transglycosylates 1-alkanols with retention of the anomeric configuration. Terminal beta-l-arabinofuranosyl residues have been found in arabinogalactan proteins from a mumber of different plantt species. beta-l-Arabinofuranosyl linkages with 1-4 arabinofuranosides are also found in the sugar chains of extensin and solanaceous lectins, hydroxyproline (Hyp)2-rich glycoproteins that are widely observed in plant cell wall fractions. The critical residue for catalytic activity is Glu-338, in a ET/SCAS sequence context.
cd09001, GH43_FsAxh1-like, Glycosyl hydrolase family 43 such as Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85 arabinoxylan alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase. This glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43) includes mostly enzymes that have been annotated as having beta-1,4-xylosidase (beta-D-xylosidase; xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase; EC 3.2.1.37) activity. They are part of an array of hemicellulases that are involved in the final breakdown of plant cell-wall whereby they degrade xylan. They hydrolyze beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds between two xylose units in short xylooligosaccharides. These are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. This subfamily includes the characterized Clostridium stercorarium F-9 beta-xylosidase Xyl43B. It also includes Humicola insolens AXHd3 (HiAXHd3), a GH43 arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) that hydrolyzes O3-linked arabinose of doubly substituted xylans, a feature of the polysaccharide that is recalcitrant to degradation. It possesses an additional C-terminal beta-sandwich domain such that the interface between the domains comprises a xylan binding cleft that houses the active site pocket. The HiAXHd3 active site is tuned to hydrolyze arabinofuranosyl or xylosyl linkages, and the topology of the distal regions of the substrate binding surface confers specificity. It also includes Fibrobacter succinogenes subsp. succinogenes S85 arabinoxylan alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (Axh1;Fisuc_1769;FSU_2269), Paenibacillus sp. E18 alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (Abf43A), Bifidobacterium adolescentis ATCC 15703 double substituted xylan alpha-1,3-L-specific arabinofuranosidase d3 (AXHd3;AXH-d3;BaAXH-d3;BAD_0301;E-AFAM2), and Chrysosporium lucknowense C1 arabinoxylan hydrolase / double substituted xylan alpha-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidase (Abn7;AXHd). A common structural feature of GH43 enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.
pfam05818, TraT, Enterobacterial TraT complement resistance protein. The traT gene is one of the F factor transfer genes and encodes an outer membrane protein which is involved in interactions between an Escherichia coli and its surroundings.
cd06173, MFS_MefA_like, Macrolide efflux protein A and similar proteins of the Major Facilitator Superfamily of transporters. This family is composed of Streptococcus pyogenes macrolide efflux protein A (MefA) and similar transporters, many of which remain uncharacterized. Some members may be multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters, which are drug/H+ antiporters (DHAs) that mediate the efflux of a variety of drugs and toxic compounds, conferring resistance to these compounds. MefA confers resistance to 14-membered macrolides including erythromycin and to 15-membered macrolides. It functions as an efflux pump to regulate intracellular macrolide levels. The MefA-like family belongs to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) of membrane transport proteins, which are thought to function through a single substrate binding site, alternating-access mechanism involving a rocker-switch type of movement.
cd00090, HTH_ARSR, Arsenical Resistance Operon Repressor and similar prokaryotic, metal regulated homodimeric repressors. ARSR subfamily of helix-turn-helix bacterial transcription regulatory proteins (winged helix topology). Includes several proteins that appear to dissociate from DNA in the presence of metal ions.
pfam00300, His_Phos_1, Histidine phosphatase superfamily (branch 1). The histidine phosphatase superfamily is so named because catalysis centers on a conserved His residue that is transiently phosphorylated during the catalytic cycle. Other conserved residues contribute to a 'phosphate pocket' and interact with the phospho group of substrate before, during and after its transfer to the His residue. Structure and sequence analyses show that different families contribute different additional residues to the 'phosphate pocket' and, more surprisingly, differ in the position, in sequence and in three dimensions, of a catalytically essential acidic residue. The superfamily may be divided into two main branches. The larger branch 1 contains a wide variety of catalytic functions, the best known being fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase (found in a bifunctional protein with 2-phosphofructokinase) and cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase. The latter is an unusual example of a mutase activity in the superfamily: the vast majority of members appear to be phosphatases. The bacterial regulatory protein phosphatase SixA is also in branch 1 and has a minimal, and possible ancestral-like structure, lacking the large domain insertions that contribute to binding of small molecules in branch 1 members.
TIGR01490, Uncharacterized_protein_Rv3661/MT3761, HAD-superfamily subfamily IB hydrolase, TIGR01490. This hypothetical equivalog is a member of the IB subfamily (TIGR01488) of the haloacid dehalogenase (HAD) superfamily of aspartate-nucleophile hydrolases. The sequences modelled here are all bacterial. The IB subfamily includes the enzyme phosphoserine phosphatase (TIGR00338). Due to this relationship, several of these sequences have been annotated as "phosphoserine phosphatase related proteins," or "Phosphoserine phosphatase-family enzymes." There is presently no evidence that any of the enzymes in this model possess PSPase activity. OMNI|NTL01ML1250 is annotated as a "possible transferase," however this is due to the C-terminal domain found on this sequence which is homologous to a group of glycerol-phosphate acyltransferases (between trusted and noise to TIGR00530). A subset of these sequences including OMNI|CC1962, the Caulobacter crescentus CicA protein cluster together and may represent a separate equivalog. [Unknown function, Enzymes of unknown specificity].
cd09994, HDAC_AcuC_like, Class I histone deacetylase AcuC (Acetoin utilization protein)-like enzymes. AcuC (Acetoin utilization protein) is a class I deacetylase found only in bacteria and is involved in post-translational control of the acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (AcsA). Deacetylase AcuC works in coordination with deacetylase SrtN (class III), possibly to maintain AcsA in active (deacetylated) form and let the cell grow under low concentration of acetate. B. subtilis AcuC is a member of operon acuABC; this operon is repressed by the presence of glucose and does not show induction by acetoin; acetoin is a bacterial fermentation product that can be converted to acetate via the butanediol cycle in absence of other carbon sources. Inactivation of AcuC leads to slower growth and lower cell yield under low-acetate conditions in Bacillus subtilis. In general, Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are Zn-dependent enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of N(6)-acetyl-lysine residues in histone amino termini to yield a deacetylated histone (EC 3.5.1.98). Enzymes belonging to this group participate in regulation of a number of processes through protein (mostly different histones) modification (deacetylation). Class I histone deacetylases in general act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Members of this class are involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, embryonic development, cytokine signaling important for immune response and in posttranslational control of the acetyl coenzyme A synthetase.
cd07344, M48_yhfN_like, Peptidase M48 YhfN-like, a novel minigluzincin. M48 YhfN-like protease is considered as a CaaX prenyl protease 1 homolog, with most of the sequences in this family as yet uncharacterized. It contains the zinc metalloprotease motif (HEXXH), likely exposed on the cytoplasmic side. It is probably associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regardless of whether its genes possess the conventional signal motif (KKXX) in the C-terminal. Proteins in this family proteolytically remove the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins. This novel family of related proteins consist of the soluble minimal scaffold similar to the catalytic domains of the integral-membrane metallopeptidase M48 and M56, thus called minigluzincins.
cd05152, MPH2', Macrolide 2'-Phosphotransferase. MPH2' catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to the 2'-hydroxyl of macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin, among others. Macrolides penetrate the bacterial cell and bind to ribosomes, where it interrupts protein elongation, leading ultimately to the demise of the bacterium. Phosphorylation of macrolides leads to their inactivation. Based on substrate specificity and amino acid sequence, MPH2' is divided into types I and II, encoded by mphA and mphB genes, respectively. MPH2'I inactivates 14-membered ring macrolides while MPH2'II inactivates both 14- and 16-membered ring macrolides. Enzymatic inactivation of macrolides has been reported as a mechanism for bacterial resistance in clinical samples. MPH2' is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other kinases, such as the typical serine/threonine/tyrosine protein kinases (PKs), RIO kinases, actin-fragmin kinase (AFK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K).
cd09022, Aldose_epim_Ec_YihR, Aldose 1-epimerase, similar to Escherichia coli YihR. Proteins similar to Escherichia coli YihR are uncharacterized members of aldose-1-epimerase superfamily. Aldose 1-epimerases or mutarotases are key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism, catalyzing the interconversion of the alpha- and beta-anomers of hexose sugars such as glucose and galactose. This interconversion is an important step that allows anomer specific metabolic conversion of sugars. Studies of the catalytic mechanism of the best known member of the family, galactose mutarotase, have shown a glutamate and a histidine residue to be critical for catalysis; the glutamate serves as the active site base to initiate the reaction by removing the proton from the C-1 hydroxyl group of the sugar substrate, and the histidine as the active site acid to protonate the C-5 ring oxygen.
cd14014, STKc_PknB_like, Catalytic domain of bacterial Serine/Threonine kinases, PknB and similar proteins. STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily includes many bacterial eukaryotic-type STKs including Staphylococcus aureus PknB (also called PrkC or Stk1), Bacillus subtilis PrkC, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pkn proteins (PknB, PknD, PknE, PknF, PknL, and PknH), among others. S. aureus PknB is the only eukaryotic-type STK present in this species, although many microorganisms encode for several such proteins. It is important for the survival and pathogenesis of S. aureus as it is involved in the regulation of purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis, cell wall metabolism, autolysis, virulence, and antibiotic resistance. M. tuberculosis PknB is essential for growth and it acts on diverse substrates including proteins involved in peptidoglycan synthesis, cell division, transcription, stress responses, and metabolic regulation. B. subtilis PrkC is located at the inner membrane of endospores and functions to trigger spore germination. Bacterial STKs in this subfamily show varied domain architectures. The well-characterized members such as S. aureus and M. tuberculosis PknB, and B. subtilis PrkC, contain an N-terminal cytosolic kinase domain, a transmembrane (TM) segment, and mutliple C-terminal extracellular PASTA domains. The PknB subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.
cd13530, PBP2_peptides_like, Peptide-binding protein and related homologs; type 2 periplasmic binding protein fold. This domain is found in solute binding proteins that serve as initial receptors in the ABC transport, signal transduction and channel gating. The PBP2 proteins share the same architecture as periplasmic binding proteins type 1, but have a different topology. They are typically comprised of two globular subdomains connected by a flexible hinge and bind their ligand in the cleft between these domains in a manner resembling a Venus flytrap. The majority of PBP2 proteins function in the uptake of small soluble substrates in eubacteria and archaea. After binding their specific ligand with high affinity, they can interact with a cognate membrane transport complex comprised of two integral membrane domains and two cytoplasmically-located ATPase domains. This interaction triggers the ligand translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane energized by ATP hydrolysis. Besides transport proteins, the family includes ionotropic glutamate receptors and unorthodox sensor proteins involved in signal transduction.
TIGR02354, molybdopterin_biosynthesis_protein_moeB, thiamine biosynthesis protein ThiF, family 2. Members of the HesA/MoeB/ThiF family of proteins (pfam00899) include a number of members encoded in the midst of thiamine biosynthetic operons. This mix of known and putative ThiF proteins shows a deep split in phylogenetic trees, with one the E. coli ThiF and the E. coli MoeB proteins seemingly more closely related than E. coli ThiF and Campylobacter (for example) ThiF. This model represents the divergent clade of putative ThiF proteins such found in Campylobacter. [Biosynthesis of cofactors, prosthetic groups, and carriers, Thiamine].
pfam10103, Zincin_2, Zincin-like metallopeptidase. This family of proteins has a conserved HEXXH motif, suggesting they are putative peptidases of zincin fold. The structure of this family has similarity to Peptidase_M1 (pfam01433, Structure 3CMN).
TIGR02200, conserved_hypothetical_protein, Glutaredoxin-like protein. This family of glutaredoxin-like proteins is limited to the Actinobacteria and contains the conserved CxxC motif.
pfam13312, DUF4081, Domain of unknown function (DUF4081). This domain is often found N-terminal to the GNAT acetyltransferase domain, pfam00583 and FR47, pfam08445.
cd03255, ABC_MJ0796_LolCDE_FtsE, ATP-binding cassette domain of the transporters involved in export of lipoprotein and macrolide, and cell division protein. This family is comprised of MJ0796 ATP-binding cassette, macrolide-specific ABC-type efflux carrier (MacAB), and proteins involved in cell division (FtsE), and release of lipoproteins from the cytoplasmic membrane (LolCDE). They are clustered together phylogenetically. MacAB is an exporter that confers resistance to macrolides, while the LolCDE system is not a transporter at all. An FtsE null mutants showed filamentous growth and appeared viable on high salt medium only, indicating a role for FtsE in cell division and/or salt transport. The LolCDE complex catalyzes the release of lipoproteins from the cytoplasmic membrane prior to their targeting to the outer membrane.
cd06163, S2P-M50_PDZ_RseP-like, RseP-like Site-2 proteases (S2P), zinc metalloproteases (MEROPS family M50A), cleave transmembrane domains of substrate proteins, regulating intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) of diverse signal transduction mechanisms. In Escherichia coli, the S2P homolog RseP is involved in the sigmaE pathway of extracytoplasmic stress responses. Also included in this group are such homologs as Bacillus subtilis YluC, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2869c S2P, and Bordetella bronchiseptica HurP. Rv2869c S2P appears to have a role in the regulation of prokaryotic lipid biosynthesis and membrane composition and YluC of Bacillus has a role in transducing membrane stress. This group includes bacterial and eukaryotic S2P/M50s homologs with either one or two PDZ domains present. PDZ domains are believed to have a regulatory role. The RseP PDZ domain is required for the inhibitory reaction that prevents cleavage of its substrate, RseA.
cd09819, An_peroxidase_bacterial_1, Uncharacterized bacterial family of heme peroxidases. Animal heme peroxidases are diverse family of enzymes which are not restricted to metazoans; members are also found in fungi, and plants, and in bacteria - like this family of uncharacterized proteins.
